Fig. 4

District-level life expectancy at birth \(({e_0})\) in India, Person NFHS-5 (2019–21). Figure 4 shows the variation in life expectancy at birth \(({e_0})\) in different districts of India from NFHS-5 (2019–21) for persons. The range of \({e_0}\) is from 56.9 years to 86.4 years. The highest \({e_0}\) is in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka, while the lowest is in Ambala district of Haryana. There are eleven districts with a \({e_0}\) of less than 60 years. The distribution of \({e_0}\) is divided into seven categories. Deep green regions have higher \({e_0}\), while deep red regions have lower \({e_0}\). Districts shaded in deep green have a \({e_0}\) of 85 years or more, primarily in southern states like Kerala, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and western region states like Dadra and Nagar Haveli, Daman and Diu, and Gujarat. Districts shaded in deep red have a \({e_0}\) below 60 years, mainly in central region states like Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and the southern region state of Andhra Pradesh. In conclusion, there are significant disparities in life expectancy at birth for persons in different districts of India. Note: The disputed regions were added to “Data Not Available” category