Skip to main content

Table 2 Prevalence of specific defects

From: Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for birth defects: a study from population-based surveillance data

Types

Infants (n)

Birth defects (n)

Prevalence (%, 95%CI)

Congenital heart defects

143,118

914

6.39(5.97–6.80)

Congenital metabolic disorders

143,118

614

4.29(3.95–4.63)

Congenital limb defects

143,118

601

4.20(3.86–4.54)

 Polydactyly

143,118

330

2.31(2.06–2.55)

 Clubfoot

143,118

125

0.87(0.72–1.03)

 Syndactyly

143,118

78

0.55(0.42–0.67)

 Limb reduction

143,118

37

0.26(0.18–0.36)

 Other limb defects

143,118

43

0.30(0.22–0.40)

Congenital ear defects

143,118

216

1.51(1.31–1.71)

 Anotia/microtia

143,118

59

0.41(0.31–0.52)

 Other external ear defects

143,118

164

1.15(0.97–1.32)

Congenital kidney and urinary defects

143,118

157

1.10(0.93–1.27)

 Kidney defects

143,118

88

0.61(0.49–0.74)

 Hypospadias

143,118

68

0.48(0.36–0.59)

 Other kidney and urinary system defects

143,118

1

0.01(0.00-0.04)

Cleft lip and/or palate

143,118

108

0.75(0.61–0.90)

 Cleft lip with palate

143,118

39

0.27(0.19–0.37)

 Cleft palate

143,118

49

0.34(0.25–0.45)

 Cleft lip

143,118

20

0.14(0.09–0.22)

Chromosomal abnormalities

143,118

70

0.49(0.37–0.60)

 Down syndrome

143,118

28

0.20(0.13–0.28)

 Other chromosomal abnormalities (aneuploid chromosomes or large chromosome deletions)

143,118

42

0.29(0.21–0.40)

Congenital digestive system defects

143,118

63

0.44(0.33–0.55)

 Anal atresia

143,118

31

0.22(0.15–0.31)

 Esophageal atresia

143,118

6

0.04(0.02–0.09)

 Other digestive system defects

143,118

26

0.18(0.12–0.27)

Congenital nervous system defects

143,118

61

0.43(0.32–0.53)

 Hydrocephalus

143,118

31

0.22(0.15–0.31)

 Spina bifida

143,118

9

0.06(0.03–0.12)

 Other nervous system defects

143,118

23

0.16(0.10–0.24)

Other unclassified defects

143,118

301

2.10(1.87–2.34)

  1. Abbreviations CI: confidence intervals
  2. Note A total of 130 infants (4.36%) were diagnosed with multiple birth defects. In the table, if the sum of the number of subtypes is higher than the total number, it suggests that it contains multiple defects