Table 3 Association of paternal ACEs with risks of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth

Spontaneous abortion

Paternal overall

Reference

1.66 (0.91–3.01)

1.77 (0.99–3.16)

1.81 (1.01–3.26)*

1.83 (1.03–3.25)**

0.171

Paternal intra-familial

Reference

1.67 (0.99–2.79)

1.40 (0.84–2.34)

1.58 (0.94–2.66)

1.80 (1.08–3.00)**

0.086

Paternal extra-familial

Reference

1.16 (0.91–1.48)

1.19 (0.81–1.75)

0.189

Stillbirth

Paternal overall

Reference

1.16 (0.42–3.17)

1.06 (0.40–2.85)

1.37 (0.51–3.66)

1.27 (0.49–3.30)

0.527

Paternal intra-familial

Reference

1.74 (0.66–4.61)

1.44 (0.55–3.79)

1.67 (0.63–4.43)

1.31 (0.49–3.50)

0.841

Paternal extra-familial

Reference

1.24 (0.80–1.91)

0.93 (0.44–1.98)

0.715