Table 1 Baseline characteristics of included participants from NHANES 1999 through 2004
Characteristics | Participants N = 6842 | ILSBPD range (mmHg) | p-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Group 1 (< 5) n = 2996 | Group 2 (5 -< 10) n = 1928 | Group 3 (10 -< 15) n = 935 | Group 4 (≥ 15) n = 983 | |||
Age (years) | 59.5 ± 12.8 | 57.1 ± 12.1 | 59.5 ± 12.7 | 61.0 ± 12.8 | 65.6 ± 12.9 | < 0.001 |
Gender | 0.341 | |||||
Male | 3514 (51.4%) | 1511 (50.4%) | 985 (51.1%) | 496 (53.0%) | 522 (53.1%) | |
Female | 3328 (48.6%) | 1485 (49.6%) | 943 (48.9%) | 439 (47.0%) | 461 (46.9%) | |
Race/ethnicity | 0.17 | |||||
Mexican American | 1451 (21.2%) | 622 (20.8%) | 441 (22.9%) | 175 (18.7%) | 213 (21.7%) | |
Other Hispanic | 467 (6.8%) | 203 (6.8%) | 137 (7.1%) | 74 (7.9%) | 53 (5.4%) | |
non-Hispanic white | 3713 (54.3%) | 1626 (54.3%) | 1030 (53.4%) | 517 (55.3%) | 540 (54.9%) | |
non-Hispanic black | 1211 (17.7%) | 545 (18.2%) | 320 (16.6%) | 169 (18.1%) | 177 (18.0%) | |
BMI (kg/m2) | 28.4 ± 5.6 | 28.3 ± 5.7 | 28.4 ± 5.5 | 28.4 ± 5.5 | 28.6 ± 5.7 | 0.631 |
SBP average (mmHg) | 130.7 ± 20.7 | 128.3 ± 20.2 | 129.9 ± 19.6 | 132.8 ± 20.0 | 138.1 ± 23.3 | < 0.001 |
TCHO (mmol/L) | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 5.4 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 5.4 ± 1.0 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | 0.455 |
HDL-c (mmol/L) | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 0.84 |
HbA1c (%) | 5.8 ± 1.1 | 5.7 ± 1.1 | 5.8 ± 1.2 | 5.8 ± 1.1 | 5.9 ± 1.2 | < 0.001 |
Smoked at least 100 cigarettes in life | 0.113 | |||||
Yes | 3705 (54.2%) | 1597 (53.3%) | 1032 (53.6%) | 512 (54.9%) | 564 (57.6%) | |
No | 3128 (45.8%) | 1397 (46.7%) | 895 (46.4%) | 421 (45.1%) | 415 (42.4%) | |
Ever have 5 or more drinks every day | < 0.001 | |||||
Yes | 1068 (18.6%) | 427 (16.9%) | 289 (17.9%) | 166 (21.1%) | 186 (22.7%) | |
No | 4677 (81.4%) | 2100 (83.1%) | 1322 (82.1%) | 621 (78.9%) | 634 (77.3%) | |
All-cause mortality | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 4298 (62.8%) | 2091 (69.8%) | 1219 (63.2%) | 562 (60.1%) | 426 (43.3%) | |
Yes | 2544 (37.2%) | 905 (30.2%) | 709 (36.8%) | 373 (39.9%) | 557 (56.7%) | |
Cardiovascular mortality | < 0.001 | |||||
No | 6194 (90.5%) | 2787 (93.0%) | 1757 (91.1%) | 848 (90.7%) | 802 (81.6%) | |
Yes | 648 (9.5%) | 209 (7.0%) | 171 (8.9%) | 87 (9.3%) | 181 (18.4%) | |